Ubuntu
609 lines
21 KiB
Python
609 lines
21 KiB
Python
"""
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通用采集路由 - 基于 Scrapling 引擎
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结合上层业务逻辑：编码修复、数学公式处理、微信防盗链、图片下载等
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"""
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import os
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import re
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import sys
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import uuid
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import asyncio
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import tempfile
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import base64
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from datetime import datetime
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from typing import Optional, List
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from urllib.parse import urljoin, urlparse
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from pathlib import Path
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from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, Depends, UploadFile, File
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from pydantic import BaseModel, HttpUrl
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from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
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from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
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# Scrapling 引擎
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from scrapling import Fetcher, StealthyFetcher
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# 复用 crawl.py 的通用工具函数
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from .crawl import (
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fix_encoding,
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fix_math_formulas,
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html_to_markdown,
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extract_title_from_html,
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extract_main_content,
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download_image,
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extract_images,
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extract_images_from_markdown,
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is_spa_site,
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convert_spa_html_to_markdown,
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CrawlRequest,
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CrawlResponse,
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CrawlImage,
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)
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# 复用图片处理
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from .images import generate_thumbnail, get_image_dimensions
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# 数据库
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from database import get_db
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from models import Post, Category, Tag, PostTag, Image
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router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/universal-crawl", tags=["通用采集"])
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# 确保上传目录存在
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UPLOAD_DIR = Path("uploads")
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UPLOAD_DIR.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
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TEMP_DIR = Path("uploads/temp_crawl")
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TEMP_DIR.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
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class UniversalCrawlRequest(BaseModel):
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url: str
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def _needs_browser(url: str) -> bool:
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"""判断是否需要使用浏览器渲染"""
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domain = urlparse(url).netloc.lower()
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browser_domains = [
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'mp.weixin.qq.com',
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'juejin.cn',
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'zhihu.com',
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'segmentfault.com',
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'infoq.cn',
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'infoq.com',
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'51cto.com',
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]
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return any(d in domain for d in browser_domains)
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def _fetch_with_scrapling(url: str) -> str:
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"""使用 Scrapling Fetcher (curl_cffi) 获取页面"""
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fetcher = Fetcher()
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response = fetcher.get(url)
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if response.status != 200:
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raise Exception(f"HTTP {response.status}: {response.reason}")
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# Scrapling Response 的 text 属性返回解析后的文本，html_content 返回原始 HTML
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return response.html_content if hasattr(response, 'html_content') else response.text
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async def _fetch_with_stealth(url: str) -> str:
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"""使用 Scrapling StealthyFetcher 获取页面，失败时回退到原生 Playwright"""
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try:
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from scrapling import StealthyFetcher
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# Scrapling v0.3+ 推荐使用类方法直接调用，无需实例化
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response = await StealthyFetcher.async_fetch(url, wait=3000)
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if not response or response.status != 200:
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raise Exception(f"HTTP {response.status}")
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html = response.html_content if hasattr(response, 'html_content') else response.text
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if not html or len(html) < 100:
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raise Exception("Empty page")
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print(f"[Universal Crawl] StealthyFetcher success: {len(html)} bytes")
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return html
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"[Universal Crawl] StealthyFetcher failed: {e}")
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print("[Universal Crawl] Falling back to native Playwright")
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return await _fetch_with_playwright(url)
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async def _fetch_with_playwright(url: str) -> str:
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"""使用原生 Playwright 异步获取页面，带完善反爬配置"""
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from playwright.async_api import async_playwright
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async with async_playwright() as p:
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browser = await p.chromium.launch(
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headless=True,
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args=[
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"--disable-blink-features=AutomationControlled",
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"--disable-web-security",
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"--disable-features=IsolateOrigins,site-per-process",
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"--disable-dev-shm-usage",
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"--no-sandbox",
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]
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)
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context = await browser.new_context(
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user_agent="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/120.0.0.0",
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viewport={"width": 1920, "height": 1080},
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locale="zh-CN",
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timezone_id="Asia/Shanghai",
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extra_http_headers={
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"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8",
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"Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
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"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
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"Cache-Control": "max-age=0",
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"Sec-Ch-Ua": '"Not_A Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="120", "Microsoft Edge";v="120"',
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"Sec-Ch-Ua-Mobile": "?0",
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"Sec-Ch-Ua-Platform": '"Windows"',
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"Sec-Fetch-Dest": "document",
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"Sec-Fetch-Mode": "navigate",
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"Sec-Fetch-Site": "none",
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"Sec-Fetch-User": "?1",
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"Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1",
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},
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)
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page = await context.new_page()
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try:
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# SegmentFault 需要先访问首页建立信任，再跳转目标页面
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if 'segmentfault.com' in url:
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await page.goto("https://segmentfault.com", wait_until="domcontentloaded", timeout=15000)
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await asyncio.sleep(2)
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await page.goto(url, wait_until="domcontentloaded", timeout=30000)
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await asyncio.sleep(5)
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# 知乎需要先访问首页建立 cookie，再跳转目标页面
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elif 'zhihu.com' in url:
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await page.goto("https://www.zhihu.com", wait_until="domcontentloaded", timeout=15000)
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await asyncio.sleep(2)
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await page.goto(url, wait_until="domcontentloaded", timeout=30000)
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await asyncio.sleep(3)
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# 等待正文加载（知乎专栏文章正文在 .Post-RichTextContainer 或 .RichContent-inner 里）
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try:
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await page.wait_for_selector(".Post-RichTextContainer, .RichContent-inner", timeout=10000)
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await asyncio.sleep(1)
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except Exception:
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pass
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else:
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await page.goto(url, wait_until="domcontentloaded", timeout=30000)
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await asyncio.sleep(2)
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html = await page.content()
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finally:
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await context.close()
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await browser.close()
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return html
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def _bypass_wechat_images(html: str, url: str) -> str:
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"""
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微信图片防盗链绕过：在页面上下文中执行 fetch 获取图片 base64
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这里我们在后端模拟：如果检测到 mmbiz.qpic.cn 图片，
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将其 src 替换为 data-src（微信文章中 data-src 通常包含真实 URL）
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"""
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if 'mp.weixin.qq.com' not in url:
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return html
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soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')
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for img in soup.find_all('img'):
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data_src = img.get('data-src')
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if data_src and 'mmbiz.qpic.cn' in data_src:
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img['src'] = data_src
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return str(soup)
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def _extract_infoq_content(html: str) -> str:
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"""提取 InfoQ 文章正文（.ProseMirror 或 article 标签）"""
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soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')
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# 优先使用 .ProseMirror（InfoQ 正文编辑器容器）
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container = soup.select_one('.ProseMirror')
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if not container:
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# fallback 到 article 标签
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container = soup.find('article')
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if container:
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return str(container)
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return html
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def _extract_infoq_title(html: str) -> Optional[str]:
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"""提取 InfoQ 文章标题，从 <title> 中去掉 ' - InfoQ' 后缀"""
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match = re.search(r'<title[^>]*>(.*?)</title>', html, re.IGNORECASE | re.DOTALL)
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if match:
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title = match.group(1).strip()
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# 去掉 " - InfoQ" 后缀
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title = re.sub(r'\s*[-–—]\s*InfoQ\s*$', '', title, flags=re.IGNORECASE).strip()
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if len(title) > 5:
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return title
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return None
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def _extract_juejin_content(html: str) -> str:
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"""提取掘金文章正文（article.article 或 .article-viewer）"""
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soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')
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# 优先使用 article.article
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container = soup.select_one('article.article')
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if not container:
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# fallback 到 .article-viewer
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container = soup.select_one('.article-viewer')
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if not container:
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# 再 fallback 到 #article-root
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container = soup.select_one('#article-root')
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if container:
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return str(container)
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return html
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def _extract_juejin_title(html: str) -> Optional[str]:
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"""提取掘金文章标题，从 <title> 中去掉 ' - 掘金' 后缀"""
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match = re.search(r'<title[^>]*>(.*?)</title>', html, re.IGNORECASE | re.DOTALL)
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if match:
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title = match.group(1).strip()
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# 去掉 " - 掘金" 后缀
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title = re.sub(r'\s*[-–—]\s*掘金\s*$', '', title, flags=re.IGNORECASE).strip()
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if len(title) > 5:
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return title
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return None
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def _extract_csdn_content(html: str) -> str:
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"""提取 CSDN 文章正文（#content_views 或 .article_content）"""
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soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')
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# 优先使用 #content_views（CSDN 正文主容器）
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container = soup.select_one('#content_views')
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if not container:
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# fallback 到 .article_content
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container = soup.select_one('.article_content')
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if container:
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return str(container)
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return html
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def _extract_csdn_title(html: str) -> Optional[str]:
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"""提取 CSDN 文章标题，从 <title> 中去掉 '-CSDN博客' 后缀"""
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match = re.search(r'<title[^>]*>(.*?)</title>', html, re.IGNORECASE | re.DOTALL)
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if match:
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title = match.group(1).strip()
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# 去掉 " - CSDN博客" / "-CSDN博客" 后缀
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title = re.sub(r'\s*[-–—]?\s*CSDN博客\s*$', '', title, flags=re.IGNORECASE).strip()
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if len(title) > 5:
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return title
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return None
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def _filter_csdn_images(images: list) -> list:
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"""过滤掉 CSDN 的 UI 图标图片（csdnimg.cn 的收藏/点赞等图标）"""
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filtered = []
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skip_patterns = [
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'newHeart2023',
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'tobarCollect',
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'tobarCollection',
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'copyright',
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'avatar',
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'blogv2/dist/pc/img',
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]
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for img in images:
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url = img.original_url.lower()
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if any(p in url for p in skip_patterns):
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continue
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filtered.append(img)
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return filtered
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def _extract_cnblogs_content(html: str) -> str:
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"""提取博客园文章正文（#cnblogs_post_body 或 .postBody）"""
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soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')
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container = soup.select_one('#cnblogs_post_body')
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if not container:
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container = soup.select_one('.postBody')
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if container:
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return str(container)
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return html
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def _extract_cnblogs_title(html: str) -> Optional[str]:
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"""提取博客园文章标题，从 <title> 中去掉 ' - 博客园' 后缀"""
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match = re.search(r'<title[^>]*>(.*?)</title>', html, re.IGNORECASE | re.DOTALL)
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if match:
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title = match.group(1).strip()
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title = re.sub(r'\s*[-–—]\s*博客园\s*$', '', title, flags=re.IGNORECASE).strip()
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if len(title) > 5:
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return title
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return None
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def _filter_cnblogs_images(images: list) -> list:
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"""过滤掉博客园的 UI 图标图片"""
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filtered = []
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skip_patterns = [
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'assets.cnblogs.com/logo',
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'assets.cnblogs.com/icons',
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'skins/custom/images/logo',
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]
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for img in images:
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url = img.original_url.lower()
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if any(p in url for p in skip_patterns):
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continue
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filtered.append(img)
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return filtered
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def _extract_51cto_content(html: str) -> str:
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"""提取 51CTO 文章正文（.article-content 或 article）"""
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soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')
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container = soup.select_one('.article-content')
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if not container:
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container = soup.find('article')
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if container:
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return str(container)
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return html
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def _extract_51cto_title(html: str) -> Optional[str]:
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"""提取 51CTO 文章标题，从 <title> 中去掉 '-51CTO.COM' 后缀"""
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match = re.search(r'<title[^>]*>(.*?)</title>', html, re.IGNORECASE | re.DOTALL)
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if match:
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title = match.group(1).strip()
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title = re.sub(r'\s*[-–—]?\s*51CTO\.COM\s*$', '', title, flags=re.IGNORECASE).strip()
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if len(title) > 5:
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return title
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return None
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def _filter_51cto_images(images: list) -> list:
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"""过滤掉 51CTO 的 UI 图标和二维码图片"""
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filtered = []
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skip_patterns = [
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'oss/202302', # 公众号矩阵二维码
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'oss/202408', # 软考二维码
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'oss/202506/06', # 顶部横幅
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'oss/202302/07', # APP下载图
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]
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for img in images:
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url = img.original_url.lower()
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if any(p in url for p in skip_patterns):
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continue
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filtered.append(img)
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return filtered
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@router.post("/fetch", response_model=CrawlResponse)
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async def universal_fetch(request: UniversalCrawlRequest):
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"""通用采集：使用 Scrapling 引擎获取文章"""
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try:
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url = str(request.url)
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print(f"[Universal Crawl] Fetching: {url}")
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# 1. 判断采集策略
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use_browser = _needs_browser(url)
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# 2. 使用 Scrapling 获取页面
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if use_browser:
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print(f"[Universal Crawl] Using StealthyFetcher (browser) for {url}")
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html = await _fetch_with_stealth(url)
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else:
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print(f"[Universal Crawl] Using Fetcher (curl_cffi) for {url}")
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html = _fetch_with_scrapling(url)
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if not html or len(html) < 100:
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raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="无法获取页面内容，页面可能为空或需要登录")
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# 3. 编码修复
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html = fix_encoding(html)
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# 4. 微信图片防盗链处理
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html = _bypass_wechat_images(html, url)
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# 5. 提取标题（InfoQ / 掘金 / CSDN / 博客园 / 51CTO 使用专用提取）
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is_infoq = 'infoq.cn' in url or 'infoq.com' in url
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is_juejin = 'juejin.cn' in url
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is_csdn = 'csdn.net' in url or 'csdn.com' in url
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is_cnblogs = 'cnblogs.com' in url
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is_51cto = '51cto.com' in url
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if is_infoq:
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title = _extract_infoq_title(html)
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elif is_juejin:
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title = _extract_juejin_title(html)
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elif is_csdn:
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title = _extract_csdn_title(html)
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elif is_cnblogs:
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title = _extract_cnblogs_title(html)
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elif is_51cto:
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title = _extract_51cto_title(html)
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else:
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title = None
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if not title:
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title = extract_title_from_html(html)
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if not title:
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title = "未获取到标题"
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# 6. 提取正文和图片
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is_wechat = 'mp.weixin.qq.com' in url
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images = extract_images(html, url)
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if is_csdn:
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images = _filter_csdn_images(images)
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elif is_cnblogs:
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images = _filter_cnblogs_images(images)
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elif is_51cto:
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images = _filter_51cto_images(images)
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# 7. 转换为 Markdown（InfoQ / 掘金 / CSDN / 博客园 / 51CTO 使用专用提取）
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if is_infoq:
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infoq_html = _extract_infoq_content(html)
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markdown_content = html_to_markdown(infoq_html, url)
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elif is_juejin:
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juejin_html = _extract_juejin_content(html)
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markdown_content = html_to_markdown(juejin_html, url)
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elif is_csdn:
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csdn_html = _extract_csdn_content(html)
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markdown_content = html_to_markdown(csdn_html, url)
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elif is_cnblogs:
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cnblogs_html = _extract_cnblogs_content(html)
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markdown_content = html_to_markdown(cnblogs_html, url)
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elif is_51cto:
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cto_html = _extract_51cto_content(html)
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markdown_content = html_to_markdown(cto_html, url)
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elif is_spa_site(html):
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markdown_content = convert_spa_html_to_markdown(html, images, url)
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else:
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markdown_content = html_to_markdown(html, url)
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# 8. 数学公式修复
|
||
markdown_content = fix_math_formulas(markdown_content)
|
||
|
||
# 9. 清理 Markdown 中的 HTML 标签
|
||
markdown_content = re.sub(r'<[^>]+>', '', markdown_content)
|
||
markdown_content = re.sub(r'\n{3,}', '\n\n', markdown_content)
|
||
markdown_content = markdown_content.strip()
|
||
|
||
return CrawlResponse(
|
||
success=True,
|
||
title=title,
|
||
content=markdown_content,
|
||
images=images,
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
except HTTPException:
|
||
raise
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
print(f"[Universal Crawl] Error: {e}")
|
||
import traceback
|
||
traceback.print_exc()
|
||
raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=f"采集失败: {str(e)}")
|
||
|
||
|
||
@router.post("/save")
|
||
async def universal_save(
|
||
title: str,
|
||
content: str,
|
||
excerpt: Optional[str] = None,
|
||
category_id: Optional[int] = None,
|
||
source_url: Optional[str] = None,
|
||
images: Optional[str] = None,
|
||
db: Session = Depends(get_db)
|
||
):
|
||
"""保存通用采集的文章（复用 crawl.py 的保存逻辑）"""
|
||
try:
|
||
print(f"[Universal Crawl] Saving article: {title}")
|
||
|
||
# 解析图片列表
|
||
image_list = []
|
||
if images:
|
||
try:
|
||
import json
|
||
image_data = json.loads(images)
|
||
for img in image_data:
|
||
image_list.append(CrawlImage(**img))
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
print(f"[Universal Crawl] Parse images error: {e}")
|
||
|
||
# 创建临时目录
|
||
temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp(dir=TEMP_DIR)
|
||
final_dir = UPLOAD_DIR / "images"
|
||
final_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
|
||
thumb_dir = UPLOAD_DIR / "thumbnails"
|
||
thumb_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
|
||
|
||
# 下载图片
|
||
downloaded_images = []
|
||
for img in image_list:
|
||
try:
|
||
filename, filepath, success = download_image(str(img.url), temp_dir)
|
||
if success and filepath:
|
||
# 移动最终文件
|
||
final_filename = f"crawl_{datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d_%H%M%S')}_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}{os.path.splitext(filename)[1]}"
|
||
final_path = final_dir / final_filename
|
||
os.rename(filepath, str(final_path))
|
||
|
||
# 生成缩略图
|
||
thumb_filename = f"thumb_{final_filename}"
|
||
thumb_path = thumb_dir / thumb_filename
|
||
thumb_path_db = None
|
||
if generate_thumbnail(str(final_path), str(thumb_path)):
|
||
thumb_path_db = f"/uploads/thumbnails/{thumb_filename}"
|
||
|
||
# 获取尺寸
|
||
width, height = get_image_dimensions(str(final_path))
|
||
|
||
# 保存到数据库
|
||
db_image = Image(
|
||
filename=final_filename,
|
||
original_filename=img.alt or final_filename,
|
||
file_path=f"/uploads/images/{final_filename}",
|
||
file_size=os.path.getsize(str(final_path)),
|
||
mime_type=f"image/{os.path.splitext(final_filename)[1].lstrip('.') or 'jpeg'}",
|
||
width=width,
|
||
height=height,
|
||
thumbnail_path=thumb_path_db,
|
||
)
|
||
db.add(db_image)
|
||
db.flush()
|
||
|
||
# 替换内容中的图片 URL
|
||
original_url = str(img.url)
|
||
new_url = f"/uploads/images/{final_filename}"
|
||
content = content.replace(original_url, new_url)
|
||
|
||
downloaded_images.append({
|
||
"id": db_image.id,
|
||
"url": new_url,
|
||
"thumb": thumb_path_db,
|
||
})
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
print(f"[Universal Crawl] Download image error: {e}")
|
||
continue
|
||
|
||
# 清理 excerpt
|
||
if excerpt:
|
||
excerpt = re.sub(r'<[^>]+>', '', excerpt)
|
||
excerpt = excerpt.replace('\n', ' ').strip()[:200]
|
||
else:
|
||
excerpt = content.replace('\n', ' ').strip()[:200]
|
||
|
||
# 创建文章
|
||
now = datetime.now()
|
||
slug = re.sub(r'[^\w\u4e00-\u9fff-]', '-', title)[:50].strip('-')
|
||
slug = f"{slug}-{now.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')}-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:4]}"
|
||
|
||
# 生成摘要
|
||
summary = content[:300] if len(content) > 300 else content
|
||
summary = re.sub(r'[#*`\[\]\(\)!]', '', summary)
|
||
|
||
# 查找或创建分类
|
||
final_category_id = category_id
|
||
if not final_category_id:
|
||
default_cat = db.query(Category).filter(Category.name == "未分类").first()
|
||
if not default_cat:
|
||
default_cat = Category(name="未分类", slug="uncategorized")
|
||
db.add(default_cat)
|
||
db.flush()
|
||
final_category_id = default_cat.id
|
||
|
||
post = Post(
|
||
title=title,
|
||
slug=slug,
|
||
content=content,
|
||
excerpt=excerpt,
|
||
summary=summary,
|
||
category_id=final_category_id,
|
||
author_id=1,
|
||
status="draft",
|
||
view_count=0,
|
||
is_original=False,
|
||
source_url=source_url,
|
||
created_at=now,
|
||
updated_at=now,
|
||
published_at=None,
|
||
)
|
||
db.add(post)
|
||
db.flush()
|
||
|
||
db.commit()
|
||
|
||
return {
|
||
"status": "success",
|
||
"post_id": post.id,
|
||
"message": "文章保存成功",
|
||
"images": downloaded_images,
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
db.rollback()
|
||
print(f"[Universal Crawl] Save error: {e}")
|
||
import traceback
|
||
traceback.print_exc()
|
||
raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=f"保存失败: {str(e)}")
|